Ticker: VEON

Quarter: Q4 2025

Date: 2026-03-13 00:00:00

Operator: Hello, and welcome to VEON's FY '25 and 4Q '25 Results Presentation. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded today. If you have any objections, please disconnect at this time. Anand Ramachandran, you may begin.

Anand Ramachandran: Good morning, and good afternoon to everyone joining us. Thank you for being with us for VEON's Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 results for the period ending 31st December, 2025. My name is Anand Ramachandran, I'm the Chief Corporate Development Officer for VEON. Joining me today are Kaan Terzioglu, our Group CEO; and Burak Ozer, our Group CFO. As usual, Kaan will begin with the strategic and operational highlights, after which Burak will cover the financial results. We will then open the call for Q&A. Before we begin, please note that today's presentation includes forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially due to the risks detailed in VEON's annual report and Form 20-F and other filings with the SEC. Our earnings release and presentation are available on our Investor Relations website. With that, let me hand it over to Kaan.

Muhterem Terzioglu: Thank you, Anand. 2025 was a strong and transformative year for VEON. We delivered double-digit operational growth, accelerated our digital strategy, strengthened our balance sheet and unlocked significant shareholder value. Let me highlight a few key points. First, our financial momentum is strong. In the fourth quarter, in U.S. dollars, revenues grew 17% and EBITDA grew 29% in U.S. dollars year-on-year. For the full year, revenues increased nearly 10% in U.S. dollars and EBITDA grew 19%. We also crossed an important milestone, more than $2 billion of annual EBITDA with margins expanding to 45.7%. The second theme this year is digital services revenue acceleration. Digital revenues grew 84% year-on-year in the fourth quarter and over 62% for the full year. Digital now represents more than 17% of group revenue, up significantly from last year. In Q4, more than 20% of our revenues were digital service revenues. Following your request, we are including EBITDA for direct digital revenues to our set of disclosures. For 2025, EBITDA from digital services reached $207 million with an EBITDA margin of 27.3%. This shows that digital ecosystem is not only growing quickly, it is also becoming profitable at scale. The third theme is execution of our asset-light strategy. During the year, we completed the sale of our Pakistan tower portfolio, deconsolidated TNS+, reducing our leverage and strengthening our balance sheet. We launched direct-to-cell connectivity with Starlink, which is already live in Ukraine and Kazakhstan, and this capability will expand to Bangladesh in 2026. These initiatives demonstrate how we are combining connectivity, digital platforms and new technologies requiring less CapEx to create long-term growth. Finally, we continue to unlock value for shareholders. The listing of Kyivstar on NASDAQ was a landmark achievement. This quarter, we are further increasing the float with a successful secondary offering, which was completed about a month ago. Today, Kyivstar is valued by the market at $2.4 billion with VEON's stake worth approximately $2 billion alone. During 2025, we strengthened liquidity, reduced leverage and continued to execute our share buyback program. We believe VEON's ADS' remain significantly undervalued. And today, we are announcing our policy of continuing to repurchase at least $100 million of shares annually. Let's move to the next slide. Our strategy is clearly translating into strong financial results. Group revenue reached $4.4 billion in 2025, growing 9.9% in U.S. dollar terms. Telecom & Infrastructure revenues grew 3% even after the consolidation of TNS+, Deodar and Kyrgyzstan, supported by average revenue per user growth driven by strong subscriber engagement. On a like-for-like basis, as the retailers would call it the same-store sales, the revenue growth would have been 11% for the year. At the same time, digital revenues grew more than 62%, reaching $759 million. Digital growth is not just about scale. It is not a vanity. It is contributing to profitability and cash flow. This year, we have exceeded EBITDA of $2 billion with margins expanding 350 basis points to 45.7%. This reflects both operational discipline and benefits of scale. Next slide, please. Our growth continues to outpace inflation across our markets. Pricing control empowered by value propositions remains strong. Our ability to implement fair value pricing, leveraging low customer acquisition costs and effective distribution enables us to gain wallet share from customers. Next slide, please. Our digital ecosystem continues to scale rapidly. Digital revenues reached $759 million, representing 17% of our group revenues for the full year. Financial services remain our largest digital category with strong growth also coming from entertainment platforms, ride-hailing and delivery, premium digital services and enterprise solutions. Digital services business model have much lower capital intensity, which supports equally strong cash flow conversion. Next slide. Multiplay customers are a key driver of our growth. These are customers who are using connectivity plus at least one of our digital services. Multiplay customers generate nearly 4x the ARPU of voice-only users and their churn rate is 1/3. Today, Multiplay accounts for 56% of our total consumer revenues and continues to grow rapidly. This demonstrates the power of our integrated connectivity and digital ecosystems. Next slide, please. Growth across our markets remains balanced and resilient. Pakistan, Ukraine, Kazakhstan continued to deliver strong momentum. Bangladesh returned to positive growth during the year. Uzbekistan continues to expand steadily. This diversified footprint provides stability and long-term growth opportunities. Next slide, please. Our financial services business in Pakistan continues to perform strongly. Monthly active users reached 21.5 million. The merchant base expanded to over 511,000. Transaction value reached 53 billion, equivalent to around 13% of Pakistan's GDP. Mobilink Bank scales rapidly with a loan portfolio of 264 million and a world-class loan quality. This positions us well to support Pakistan transition to a digital financial ecosystem. Next slide. Across our ecosystem, we now serve more than 135 million active digital service users. 3-month active digital service users exceeded 200 million, already larger than our telecom subscriber base. Digital-only customers also grew strongly, reaching 33 million. Total transaction value across the ecosystem reached $55 billion, growing more than 50% year-on-year. This is not growth. This is a structural shift, demonstrating the scale and engagement of our digital platforms. Next slide, please. Our consumer digital platforms continue to scale over several verticals, financial services, entertainment, health care, ride-hailing, marketplaces and super apps together now reach tens of millions of users across our markets. At the same time, our premium digital brands, virtual digital operators such as Izi, ROX, OQ or RYZE are creating unique experiences with integrated telecom and lifestyle services such as augmented intelligence, mobility, education, health care and e-commerce. These platforms deepen the engagement and create multiple monetization opportunities. Next slide, please. Our enterprise platforms are also evolving into technology businesses serving governments and corporations. This quarter, we launched BuildX in Uzbekistan, strengthening our regional AI and software capabilities. Across our enterprise hubs, we now have around 2,000 engineers and data scientists building cloud, augmented intelligence and data analytics solutions. Our ad tech platform now reaches over 98 million screens, enabling AI-driven advertising across our entertainment platforms. Next slide. Augmented intelligence is becoming a core part of our value proposition from raw data to digital services. Our next frontier is to offer our customers better version of themselves, a priceless value proposition, super hero capabilities, making a doctor, a better doctor; a teacher, a better teacher; a farmer, a more productive one. Through augmented intelligence capabilities, we are embedding AI across our platform, services and enterprise offerings. We are developing local language large models, including Kazakh, Ukrainian models and Urdu, Uzbek, Bengali in the making. These initiatives are already delivering measurable results. I see no reason why we cannot offer the health care services today available only to the wealthiest to everyone at a fraction of a cost. There is no reason why best doctor not to be in Karachi, best teacher not to be in Daka. Most productive farmer will be in Almaty or ADESA. Today, our augmented intelligence-enabled customer care tools handles close to 1 million interactions each month, creating better experience at a fraction of a cost. I can see these numbers growing tenfold over the next 2 years. With that, I will hand the call over to Burak.

Burak Ozer: Thank you, Kaan. Our group revenue reached $4.4 billion in 2025, growing 9.9% year-over-year in U.S. dollar terms. Adjusting for portfolio changes, revenue growth would have been around 11% in dollars and over 15% in local currency terms. Digital services were again the fastest-growing segment, reaching $759 million and representing 17% of the group revenue. Next slide, please. EBITDA for the year reached $2.01 billion, representing 18.8% growth. Our EBITDA margin expanded to 45.7%, reflecting both operating leverage and disciplined cost management. Growth was supported by strong performance across Pakistan, Ukraine and Kazakhstan. Next slide, please. Turning to the balance sheet. We ended the year with $1.73 billion of cash, including $557 million at headquarters. Net debt, excluding leases, declined to $1.75 billion, with leverage reduced to 1.09x EBITDA. This reflects a strong and sustainable capital structure. With that, I'll hand the call back to Kaan.

Muhterem Terzioglu: Thank you, Burak. Returning capital to shareholders is always a priority. We completed our first $100 million buyback program in August '25. Our second $100 million program is currently underway. Going forward, our policy is to continue annual share buybacks of at least $100 million, reflecting our confidence in VEON's long-term cash generation capacity. Once our annual buyback program starts after the completion of the current buyback program, shares bought back will be systematically canceled. Next slide. Let me conclude with our 2026 outlook. We will give our guidance in U.S. dollars. We expect revenue growth of 9% to 12%, EBITDA growth of 7% to 10%. CapEx intensity, excluding Ukraine, is expected to decline to 14% to 16%. We remain confident in the continued growth of both our core telecommunications and digital services businesses. To conclude, VEON is delivering strong financial results, scaling a high-growth digital services ecosystem and unlocking sustainable shareholder value. We are optimistic about the opportunities ahead. Thank you for your continued support and trust in our company. We will now open the line for questions.

Operator: [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Max Findlay with R & Co Redburn.

Max Findlay: This is Max Findlay from Rothschild & Co Redburn. Firstly, I've got some questions on the Pakistan spectrum auction. So some might be surprised by the 50 megahertz in the 3,500 megahertz band you acquired. This bandwidth is normally associated with 5G, and I was wondering if it's an aspiration to build a 5G network in Pakistan? Or does the priority remain 4G? Secondly, from my understanding, the costs are denominated in Pakistani rupees. Are there any escalators within the spectrum costs that we should be aware of? Finally, can we expect a ramp-up in Pakistan's CapEx as you prepare on utilizing the new spectrum? And then just a quick one. I noticed there was an update on the OLX Kazakhstan acquisition, which is still going through regulatory approvals. Are you able to provide any updates on expected closing?

Muhterem Terzioglu: Thank you, Max. Let me start with commending Pakistani government for their visionary action and reforms in the spectrum allocation in the marketplace. Pakistan struggled with almost for many years, a very low spectrum allocation to the mobile operators. Actually, it was below 300 megahertz that was being shared by 4 operators. In the new auction, they auctioned 600 megahertz for 3 operators, twice for 1 less operator. And they have tripled the spectrum at use in the country by doing this at rupee-based pricing and at much lower pricing per spectrum. Hence really a great success in terms of the execution. They raised $0.5 billion, but more importantly, they opened up a real chance to improve Pakistan's infrastructure. Now during this auction, we have acquired 700, 2,300, 2,600 and 3,500 bands, a total of 190 megahertz of spectrum for a total cost of $240 million. This is a fantastic achievement and the reason that we have invested broad-based different platforms is our belief that we're going to be improving the quality of 4G as well as deploying 5G networks. It is not true that 3,500 can only be used for 5G. It can be used -- actually 2,600 can also be used for 5G. But we need to keep in mind that the amount of 5G capable phones in Pakistan has not even reached 5%. So we believe still in Pakistan, there is a huge opportunity to improve the mobile broadband services for 4G platforms as well. This will not stop us deploying 5G in certain pockets where we see relevance. And we will be executing that strategy actually quite quickly since we are ready to roll out both advanced 4G solutions as well as 5G services in Pakistan. Now with regard to OLX in Kazakhstan, we are actually waiting for regulatory approvals to close the transaction. I think it has already been taking a while, but I hope that it will be closed within Q2, and that's our expectation. But of course, regulatory approvals are always -- depends on speed of certain institutions.

Anand Ramachandran: Kaan, there was also a question on 5G CapEx in Pakistan. We've given CapEx guidance max of 14% to 16%. So I think it's fair to expect us to be very disciplined when it comes to CapEx. So we would not expect any big lumps coming through. It's something the business will manage in the long run. And as Kaan said, we will be very, very disciplined in what we have as an asset-light strategy, where we spend where it's necessary for -- to maintain the network differentiation and service innovation that we want to keep.

Muhterem Terzioglu: But I would like to highlight that we are not afraid to invest. Our investments actually are returning to us in a very handsome way because all the infrastructure that we built is actually the platform for our digital services to connect to customers. So we will, of course, keep you posted about if there will be any changes in the outlook.

Operator: Our next question comes from Theodore O'Neill from Litchfield Hills Research.

Theodore O'Neill: First question is about -- so your revenue growth was strong here for the year despite a somewhat challenging market. And I was wondering if you could separate out a little bit the success in pricing versus volume growth, digital services and portfolio changes that mix to help the growth for the year.

Muhterem Terzioglu: Sure. So Theodore, I think our recipe for success relies on the fact that we rely less and less on selling raw data and number of gigabytes, but we managed to transform our customers consuming meaningful digital services from digital banking to entertainment to health care, education, ride-hailing, marketplaces. And the ability to transition into what we call Multiplay really creates an opportunity to build deep relationships with the customer where our relationships are longer, meaning that churn is almost 1/3. And our revenue generation capacity is almost fourfold compared to a traditional single voice user. And we see actually this transition allowing us not only to deliver high growth on telecom space, but also on top of that, direct digital revenues coming from -- directly from these platforms. And we separate these things completely separate from each other. And that's the secret sauce of VEON's digital services operator model.

Theodore O'Neill: And as a follow-up on digital revenue, could you discuss the next phase of growth where that will come from and the margin profile?

Muhterem Terzioglu: So the margin profile currently for 2025 is 27.3%. We have a business model that is architected to deliver equivalent cash flow generation capacity, whether it's telecom services or digital services. If you look practically to the telecom business model, you create about 47% EBITDA margin, but then you have a heavy CapEx cost of almost 25%. And that leaves you with a 20% to 23% cash flow generation capacity. On the digital services side, we build a model where you create 27% margin, but your revenue to CapEx ratio is 7%, which again leaves you with 20% cash generation capacity. And we are very happy with this balanced model as we grow.

Operator: Our next question comes from Adrian Cundy with Emerging & Frontier Capital.

Adrian Francis Cundy: Can I just talk about -- like one question. Can you just talk about capital allocation in the midterm? Obviously, your CapEx is headed in the right way, so 16% core plus whatever Ukraine has to do to keep things going. You have some leverage due in '27. You're continuing $100 million in buybacks, but no sort of long-term visibility on when dividends may resume. And how do you just sort of -- like $0.5 billion at the group level, how do you sort of plan on using that? And a number of investors I've spoken to have sort of having some indirect questions saying, what's the long-term sort of capital allocation vision for the company? I think it a piece missing for your story.

Muhterem Terzioglu: Sure. Adrian, to be precise, as in addition to the $200 million buybacks we announced, we are actually in the middle of the second announcement we have made. Once that is completed, now we have announced the policy of continuing our stock buybacks of $100 million each year with an intention to cancel the shares that we buy back. We have talked to our investors. What we hear from our investors is their preferred method of compensation is stock buybacks. not dividends. And as you can imagine, our business is a high-growth business. We see lots of opportunities to actually grow our business and continue delivering on that policy of minimum $100 million. So it doesn't set where that could be, but minimum $100 million, I believe, is a solid basis for our policy for the mid- to long-term compensation for our shareholders. I do not necessarily see a high-growth company like us being on the dividend path, and this is not a desirable outcome for our shareholders from what we hear from the investors.

Adrian Francis Cundy: Okay. A couple have asked me about it that's why I asked about the long term, sort of thinking on a 3- to 5-year view more than anything. But again, sort of $650 million of equity free cash flow after leases, $100 million in buybacks, there's about $1.2 billion, obviously, debt at the HQ level. What is sort of the thinking on refinancing that? How much might be redirected eto M&A at the group level? And what's your sort of liquidity -- group level liquidity sort of targets?

Muhterem Terzioglu: So Adrian, if you look to the last 6 quarters of our performance and if you look to the acquisitions that we have made over this time, you will notice one thing, discipline. And every single acquisition that we have made, whether it be Helsi or Uklon or solar generation sites in Uklon or OLX, Tabletki, these are all accretive businesses that we have invested in with the purpose of penetrating into adjacent markets in the countries that we are in. We will keep this discipline. So please do not think that we are out there looking for acquiring assets that we can put our hands on. We focus on what matters, customer needs and customer demand. And we will continue doing this in the markets that we are in. At a certain point, it is also obvious we, as a group, we are kind of maybe unnecessarily experienced in operating in difficult markets. I'm not going to apologize for being successful in difficult markets, but this is a unique characteristic of our company. And if we see opportunities arising in markets where large population countries who are underserved in nature, underpenetrated in nature with the right regulatory environment, taxation schemes, we might show interest. But again, as I said, we are extremely cautious and disciplined in making these type of decisions. I believe the current growth potential that we have in our 5 markets is abundant.

Burak Ozer: And on top of that, Adrian, I mean, we have also set up an anchor for ourselves, which is 1.5 net debt, excluding leases to EBITDA, which we are now well below that with 1.09, which have come down from 1.34x last year. Therefore, we have room in terms of our balance sheet from a debt perspective. But our strategy continues to push that debt down to the countries, which we are at 50% level right now when you look at our debt. And we are aware of the fact that our debt at HQ will come current when November comes, therefore, actively working together with our investors, banks, et cetera, to address that before that time and have gained some way on that line.

Operator: Our next question comes from Nicholas Paton with Edison.

Nicholas Paton: I guess I'm sort of interested by Ukraine. I think it's fallen off the radar a little bit with what's happening with the geopolitical situation, but the fourth quarter was quite a bit better than I'd expect it to be is about 10% better on revenues and actually a full 18% on EBITDA. And so I was kind of interested to hear what you're thinking internally about the optionality of that business. What does it look like over the next couple of years if things continue as they are? And as we heard at the investor in Ukraine event that you hosted recently in Dubai, the potential when the war finishes is clearly very significant and this might -- or in fact, it certainly is the time to invest if you want to have the full benefit from that. So what are you thinking about that upside case as well? Have you made any projections on where you think the business could go in those two scenarios? I'm sure you have them, just want to hear what they are.

Muhterem Terzioglu: Nicholas, today, actually, we're going to have another call about Kyivstar operations with regard to their quarterly and annual results. So more details you will be able to find there. But let me share you my dream. 10 years from today, Ukraine will be the most prosperous, happy, healthy and high-quality living standard country in the entire European Union. That's what I believe. That's why we have been propagating the opportunities in Ukraine. Yes, today, there is war. Tomorrow, there might be peace, who knows when tomorrow will happen. But I truly believe that the opportunities in Ukraine and the market dynamics, which is demonstrated in our business in terms of the digital appetite of the users, ability to provide services over digital platforms, whether it is health care or entertainment, these are abundant. And I believe with the regulatory environment getting more synchronized with European Union standards, this will give huge opportunities. And I really believe that this is an investment that has paid back to us in a very strong way. And I think we are proud to have an investable vehicle in NASDAQ coming from Ukraine, which will allow people to participate in this growth.

Nicholas Paton: That's great. I've got another question on, but I'll leave it if we're just doing one each.

Operator: Our next question comes from Chris Hoare with NSR.

Chris Hoare: Great obviously to see the accelerating trends. I mean, really very strong in the quarter. I just want to touch on the settlement with Dhabi Group, though. I wonder if you could give some context around that, where that comes from, why you've decided to settle now? And then obviously also, are there any other contingent liabilities that you think might crystallize over the next 2 or 3 years that you'd want to flag?

Muhterem Terzioglu: Chris, thanks a lot for asking the question and giving me the opportunity to explain. We are a peaceful company. Back in '21, I was deeply saddened with the decision of Dhabi Group in terms of exercising their put option. We went through a process. And in those days, remember, it was in the middle of the COVID, we came to evaluation, and we concluded on that exercise. But later on, it was obvious that our business in Pakistan did extremely well. We did not only do operationally and financially well, we managed to execute on the dream of being asset-light. We sold Deodar. We turned around big time our financial services business. And we could not notice the bitter taste that our then minority investor Dhabi Group had. And we thought it was the right time to find a resolution to this issue. Therefore, I'm very glad to welcome him, His Highness Sheikh Nahyan back to our cap table. And I think this is an issue that we are now going to leave behind. The management will have no distraction on thinking about this issue. And I'm so happy to basically proceed with a strong investor from the Middle East on our cap table. And with regard to any other disputes like that, we are 100% peaceful now. This was an issue actually which we have indicated on our 20-F a long time ago. And I'm happy that one more issue is off the table.

Chris Hoare: Yes. And just in terms of the timing, is that sort of potentially make a potential Jazz IPO simpler? Is there anything to sort of read into it from that perspective or not?

Muhterem Terzioglu: Look, I think our intentions are obvious, less conflicts, more peace, more prosperity for everyone. And I think this is, of course, an important thing with regard to opening up our monetization opportunities in Pakistan, both for financial services and Jazz itself.

Burak Ozer: And also before addressing the bonds, this would be a good time to clarify and bring clarity to all our investors, as I just mentioned a couple of minutes ago, that we will be addressing our bonds. So we believe that this would be the good time to clarify the situation and have a clear pathway forward.

Operator: Our next question comes from Vincent Fernando with Zero One.

Vincent Fernando: So you're acquiring TPL Insurance with expected closing in mid-2026. Can you walk us through the embedded insurance thesis behind that, maybe distributing through JazzCash's 74 million subscriber base? Maybe any color on maybe what target attach rate you're assuming you'd achieve? And is this a story we see maybe second half 2026 starting to be accretive to digital or it's more a 2027 story?

Muhterem Terzioglu: So Vincent, thanks for asking. Actually, insurance business has been already accretive to our business in Pakistan. It is sometimes even if when I say it, it's hard to believe, on a daily basis, we are embedding about 900,000 insurance policies in our different products. This is happening today. And one of the reasons why we thought acquiring an insurance company as part of our financial services offerings is the realization that why are we selling other people's products? Or why are we selling other people's products only if we can sell some of our own assets here as well? So there are 2 important platforms. One part is JazzCash, which is selling lots of embedded insurance policies. But the other platform is FikrFree, which is actually a health insurance platform, which I also think that it's a huge opportunity for us as we focus on health care services. And TPL, it's a small insurance company with about $20 million, $25 million of top line, but this will give us the necessary licenses and platforms to build low damage cost insurance products. Thank you.

Vincent Fernando: One other sort of follow-up question for that. A lot of mobile money operators in emerging markets have converted to full digital bank licenses. I just want to get maybe the latest. Is there a digital banking license for JazzCash? Is that something actively pursuing right now with the State Bank?

Muhterem Terzioglu: So digital financial services is one of our priority growth areas. And in all the markets that we are active in, we are actively seeking digital banking licenses. It's no secret. And with regard to Pakistan, our operation in Pakistan includes a microfinance bank and a digital wallet. Combination of these things create actually with certain limitations, equal to digital banking license capabilities. And imagine, with those limitations, we managed to create this business success story. Once those limitations will be gone, I think our business will even grow faster. So we are actively seeking those, and I'm confident that we build the necessary credibility in the eyes of the central banks, not only in Pakistan, but also in other central banks to be allowed for digital banking licenses.

Operator: Our next question comes from Matthew Harrigan with StoneX.

Matthew Harrigan: You're devising local market LLMs in concert with some very prominent international tech companies. And what's interesting is Zoom is actually taking a somewhat similar approach. They're not trying to have the cost for the LLMs in-house. They're working with really what they call a federated model working with Google and everyone else, OpenAI. And interestingly, you're probably aware of it there's something called Humanity's Last Exam, which is kind of an amusing acronym, HLE, it rates AI models. And what they did in-house using this composite approach and doing a lot of SLMs for specific verticals actually graded out ahead of what even the latest Genesis model did. I would imagine that with your market specificity and all the language differences, you must really be -- if you don't have it already, you must be working toward LLMs that are maybe vastly or considerably better than anything else that would work in the market. Do you have any thoughts about the progress? I know this is kind of a down in the weeds question, but do you have any thoughts about the progress you and your partners are making on the LLMs for the various markets?

Muhterem Terzioglu: Matthew, thanks a lot for the question. We have a couple of partners that we work with very closely. One of them is Seekr, one of them is MeetKai. And we really work together to develop low-cost, but very effective local language models. We have so far been successful with KazLLM. Ukrainian LLM is in the making. And in the meantime, we are working on Urdu, Bengali, and Uzbek LLMs. And the reason why we take this sovereign AI opportunity is because there is no other player in our markets. Our markets is by themselves is entry barriers around payments, around access, digitalization, mobile broadband and affordability. So we are leveraging all those capabilities to make sure that we are uniquely positioned to capture this market. And I'm very excited because this is actually the value proposition in terms of building the next step, right? Raw data is what everybody does. You sell gigabytes. Digital services, what very few does among us is we are very successful in that. You sell subscription to services. The third level, you make people better, a doctor having an agent as maybe an online assistant for him, taking notes or a teacher helping with coaching and planning of educational programs. And we really focus on that part because this is what matters, customer getting a better service. And I believe there is no other player in the markets that we operate in who can deliver on this promise. We have the right distribution platforms, the super apps, we have Janymda, we have SIMOSA, we have Humbi, we have Kyivstar. All these platforms are just a click away from the customer to make them super human beings. And that's the business which is most exciting in my mind currently.

Matthew Harrigan: Congratulations, especially on getting above 20% on the digital revenues. I think that's really key to the stock rerating on the valuation multiples. Thank you.

Operator: Our next question comes from Ahmed Mostafa with Inam.

Ahmed Mostafa: Congrats on the numbers. I have 2 questions. First is your 2026 guidance implies some margin compression with EBITDA growth trailing revenue. So is this primarily a function of the mix shift toward the high-growth digital payment -- digital segment, which carries a lower EBITDA margin, but higher free cash flow conversion rate due to its asset-light nature? And second, the question is regarding the recent auction win in Pakistan. So could you provide more color on the deployment time line for the new spectrum? Specifically, when should we expect this added capacity to translate into visible operating metrics such as ARPU growth or lower churn in the 4G needs.

Muhterem Terzioglu: Ahmed, thanks a lot. So if you look to 2025 performance of ours, and I made this comparison like if we were a retail business, we would do shop -- same-shop basis comparisons. And if you would do that, you would see that our revenues grew 11% and our EBITDA grew basically 18.8%. So on the back of that over performance in terms of nominal EBITDA, when you compare the EBITDA guidance we have given, actually, you will see that it is not a low number, we will actually be growing our nominal EBITDA in a very significant way. But we are also looking into the realities of this world. And it's not the dilution that potentially the digital services will bring. It has maybe some small element. But the real reality we are at today, none of our countries, except for Kazakhstan is oil producing. And it is natural to expect $90 to $120 oil price -- per barrel oil price, which will potentially have an inflationary impact of 2% to 9% in the countries that we operate in. Now I do expect that we would react in a positive way. We have pricing power in the markets that we can apply, but the timing of these things could have an impact. So that's the assumptions that we took into consideration when coming up with our guidance for the market. Now with regard to Pakistan, we are, I think, allocated today the spectrum. The market is so spectrum hungry that I think some of that will happen immediately. If you think about the average consumption of data in Pakistan, we are today at 7 gigabytes per person. In any other 4G mobile broadband environment, we are talking about 20 gigabytes per person consumption. So clearly, there is a bottleneck that is going to be disappearing. And I do expect some of that to come as early as towards the end of this year. And the rest will, of course, will come from new deployments, which we will see the impact in 2 years. The good thing about our model is our sourcing mechanisms allow us to start paying for the CapEx when the equipment starts cash generation. So I believe we will be able to balance this process in terms of cash received from the customers and that is invested in the marketplace.

Operator: Our next question is a written question from [indiscernible] from Barings. It says, what are the plans for the 2027 bonds? Do they plan to come to market this year to refinance it? Are there any more acquisitions in the pipeline? Do we expect FCF to be positive this year? Is there a leverage target?

Muhterem Terzioglu: Burak, I will leave you to answer the question.

Burak Ozer: As I said on the previous answer that we are planning to address those bonds this year before they become current in November. Having said that, the amount is -- will be dependable on what comes in and out in terms of our asset-light strategy, sales, our M&A portfolio that we have on the radar screen. So the amount is not decided as of today. In terms of the free cash flow, we intend to turn minimum a double-digit free cash flow to revenue going forward. And therefore, you could expect a positive free cash flow from us from that perspective. And was there a third question that I missed in terms of M&A? I think there was a third question, Anand, yes.

Anand Ramachandran: Yes. So I think we are always -- as Kaan pointed out, we are always looking at a bunch of targets. And as Kaan pointed out, expect us to be extremely disciplined -- continue to be extremely disciplined in the way we look at these assets. So we have a priority of growing the digital ecosystem. We have a priority of growing the financial services business. And clearly, we will look to make investments in telecom as the spectrum investment in Pakistan shows. So absolutely, we will be opportunistic, and that's why Burak went back to the point of how much we decide to raise eventually will be a function of timing around that as well. But the one consistent theme around this is discipline and making sure that whatever we do is accretive to earnings, cash flows and shareholders' value.

Operator: Our next question comes from Adrian Cundy with Emerging & Frontier Capital LLP.

Adrian Francis Cundy: I'm going to come back to digital revenues and EBITDA in this question. How -- what -- do you sort of have a midterm goal of achieving what share of revenues in digital given that roughly, as you're saying, your cash generation capacity, 20% revenue in digital, 25% in cellular. Do you see digital achieving like 1/3 of the revenue in 3 -- next 3 to 5 years or more just from a planning perspective? And how much of that do you think will need to be -- can be generated organically versus future acquisitions?

Muhterem Terzioglu: So the dream I have in 3 years to have 50%, 50%. Now we increase our percentage every quarter about 1 percentage points, right? So if you take that, 12% will come from organic growth. But I think as we have executed successfully in certain markets, there will be small opportunities to capture, not only actually capturing revenues or EBITDA by acquisitions, but talent. We are very well aware of the fact that we are entering into some businesses where we need fresh talent and experience. That's why we acquire an insurance company. We know how to get a license. We can build from scratch. But sometimes it is better for us to actually capture the talent in the marketplace while we grow. So expect us with these small type of spices in the countries that we operate in, which will not be big acquisitions, but it will give us the talent and the businesses and the products and the customer base. So I do like to see in 3 years from today, a 50% -- 50-50 balance in terms of our revenues.

Adrian Francis Cundy: And share of EBITDA would be similar given the cash generation...

Muhterem Terzioglu: Yes, exactly. I think we will continue executing on the business model that I described before, yes.

Adrian Francis Cundy: Okay. So just an extension of that and maybe tie this in with the broader asset-light strategy. I mean we've seen some announcements in Uzbekistan where there's been a small investment in data center. We've seen in Ukraine, of course, an investment in solar. And your Ukraine CEO has commented on previous calls that there is a dream in -- midterm dream in the country of building something up like a next-gen fiber network or an infrastructure network for the company along the lines of OpenNet in the U.K. or Singapore's NetLink Broadband Trust. How is that -- how do you -- how are you going to juggle those two sort of things with the -- and you've made comments earlier on these calls about you're going to have resolute commitment to really keeping CapEx light. And I think you've done so far so good with the sales ratios you have, the intensity. But what's the long term? How do you plan to juggling these sort of the necessity, if you will, of things like data centers with a digital business -- centric business?

Muhterem Terzioglu: Look, we are committed to being an asset-light company, and we will continue executing on that. But also, we are not dogmatic. There are realities in different countries, and Ukraine is one of those countries. This is a country which has a systemic gap in energy generation and distribution. Therefore, when we see the opportunities, especially from the perspective of hedging also the cash we generate in the country, we are looking for assets which are already revenue and EBITDA positive, accretive to invest in. With the acquisition that we have done in the solar generation, which was 15 megawatts, I would like to reach at least 30% of our energy consumption in Ukraine to be generated by our own solar capacity. And potentially, who knows, this is a country that needs rebuilding and reconstruction. And I would like to be part of that. But still, we will keep in the midterm a perspective and a road map for getting asset-light again. So don't be surprised if we would do temporary investments in asset-heavy businesses in Ukraine, but later on, quickly move into finding the right investors for those type of assets as we execute our strategy. But our asset-light strategy has not changed. As I mentioned, country by country, it can show certain differences.

Operator: Our final question comes from Ali Zaidi with Inam.

Ali Zaidi: So my question is like with Jazz and MMBL now established as a digital financial ecosystem in Pakistan and with TPL also coming in, what do you think would be the relevant next steps, the digital financial ecosystem in Pakistan? And do you see enough growth within the loan book and the user base to like justify a stand-alone IPO?

Muhterem Terzioglu: Yes. Thanks a lot for the question. As I mentioned to you in Pakistan, currently, we operate under certain microfinance bank license metrics. And those metrics require us to limit our loan book and growth to certain lower level limits. I look forward to upgrading our license to a full digital banking license in Pakistan, and that will, of course, open up new growth opportunities for us. I expect those things to be happening throughout this year. And as those happen, I think we will be in a better position to look into opportunities to monetize this asset. We are very happy with the performance. I think the potential is huge. Keep in mind that Pakistan is a 250 million population country and more importantly, a significant diaspora outside of the country doing quite a lot of remittances, 30% of Pakistan GDP comes from remittances coming from other countries. So being a real digital bank, ability to have foreign currency translations and a much wider base for lending, I think, is a huge opportunity in front of us, and I would like to first see that opportunity realize.

Operator: We have no further questions at this time. I will now hand back to Anand Ramachandran for closing remarks.

Anand Ramachandran: Thank you, James. Well, guys, thank you so much for joining us on the call. It's a pleasure as always. Any further questions, please do feel free to reach out to us and we'll be happy to assist with that in an instant. We look forward to seeing you in the next quarter. Till then, all the best.

Muhterem Terzioglu: Thank you very much. All the best.